The Can-Am Commander, a robust side-by-side designed for both work and play, is a popular choice for off-road enthusiasts. However, like any complex machine, it's not immune to issues. One area where owners sometimes encounter difficulties is with the transmission. Understanding the common problems, their causes, and potential solutions can save you time, money, and a lot of frustration out on the trail.

What's Going on Down There? Understanding the Can-Am Commander Transmission

Before diving into the problems, let's briefly cover the basics. The Can-Am Commander utilizes a Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT). Unlike a traditional automatic transmission with gears, a CVT uses a belt and pulleys to provide a seamless range of gear ratios. This allows for smooth acceleration and efficient power delivery. The CVT system consists primarily of two clutches (the primary and secondary), a drive belt, and the necessary housing and controls. Because the CVT relies on friction and belt integrity, it's particularly susceptible to certain wear-and-tear issues that can lead to performance problems.

Common Transmission Headaches: What Owners Complain About

So, what are the most frequent transmission-related complaints you might encounter with your Can-Am Commander? Here's a rundown:

  • Belt Slippage: This is probably the most common issue. You'll notice it as a lack of power, especially when accelerating or climbing hills. The engine revs up, but the vehicle doesn't move as quickly as it should. It often feels like the engine is working harder than the machine is going. This can be caused by a worn or contaminated belt, worn clutch components, or improper clutch calibration.

  • Jerky or Erratic Shifting: The smooth, seamless shifting of a CVT is one of its advantages. When that smoothness disappears, and you experience jerky or erratic movements, something is amiss. This can be due to worn clutch components, a damaged belt, or even issues with the electronic controls that manage the CVT.

  • High-Pitched Whining or Squealing: An unusual noise emanating from the transmission area is never a good sign. A high-pitched whine or squeal often indicates a worn or glazed belt, or potentially a failing bearing within the clutch assembly.

  • Difficulty Shifting into Gear: Sometimes, you might find it hard to shift into gear – especially into forward or reverse. This could stem from a linkage problem, a damaged shift cable, or internal transmission damage. Low transmission fluid can also contribute to this issue.

  • Complete Transmission Failure: While less common than the issues above, complete transmission failure can occur. This often presents as a sudden loss of power, loud clunking noises, or the inability to shift into any gear. This is typically the result of severe neglect, abuse, or prolonged operation with underlying problems.

Digging Deeper: What Causes These Problems?

Now that we know what the problems are, let's explore why they happen. Understanding the root causes is crucial for effective troubleshooting and prevention.

  • Belt Wear and Tear: The CVT belt is a wear item, plain and simple. It's subjected to immense stress and heat, especially during demanding riding conditions like mudding, rock crawling, or towing. Over time, the belt will stretch, crack, or even break. Regular inspection and replacement are essential.

  • Contamination: Dirt, water, mud, and debris can all find their way into the CVT housing. These contaminants can damage the belt, clutches, and other internal components. Proper sealing and regular cleaning are vital to prevent contamination.

  • Overheating: Excessive heat is a killer for CVT transmissions. Overheating can cause the belt to slip, the clutches to glaze, and the internal components to fail prematurely. Ensure proper ventilation and consider aftermarket cooling solutions if you frequently ride in hot conditions or engage in demanding activities.

  • Improper Clutch Calibration: The clutches need to be properly calibrated to work effectively with the belt. If the clutch weights and springs are not matched to your riding style and tire size, it can lead to belt slippage, overheating, and poor performance. Consider having your clutches professionally tuned if you've made significant modifications to your machine.

  • Aggressive Riding Habits: Consistently hammering the throttle, engaging in excessive wheel spin, and frequently switching between forward and reverse can all put undue stress on the transmission. A smoother, more controlled riding style will significantly extend the life of your CVT.

  • Lack of Maintenance: Neglecting basic maintenance, such as changing the transmission fluid and inspecting the belt and clutches, is a surefire way to shorten the lifespan of your transmission. Follow the manufacturer's recommended maintenance schedule religiously.

Troubleshooting Time: What Can You Do About It?

Alright, you're experiencing one of the problems described above. What's next? Here's a step-by-step troubleshooting guide:

  1. Initial Inspection: Start with a visual inspection. Check the CVT housing for any signs of damage or leaks. Remove the CVT cover and inspect the belt for cracks, wear, or contamination. Look for any signs of debris inside the housing.

  2. Belt Condition Assessment: Measure the belt width using a caliper. Compare the measurement to the manufacturer's specifications. If the belt is below the minimum width, it needs to be replaced. Also, flex the belt and look for cracks or delamination.

  3. Clutch Inspection: Inspect the primary and secondary clutches for wear, damage, or contamination. Check the clutch weights and springs for proper function. Make sure the clutches are moving freely and not binding.

  4. Fluid Check: Check the transmission fluid level. If it's low, top it off with the correct type of fluid. Inspect the fluid for contamination. If it's milky or discolored, it needs to be changed.

  5. Troubleshooting by Symptom:

    • Belt Slippage: Replace the belt. Clean the clutches. Consider upgrading to a heavy-duty belt. Adjust the clutch weights and springs.
    • Jerky Shifting: Inspect the clutches for wear. Check the belt for damage. Replace the belt if necessary. Check the shift linkage for proper adjustment.
    • Whining Noise: Replace the belt. Inspect the clutch bearings. Replace the bearings if necessary.
    • Difficulty Shifting: Check the shift linkage for proper adjustment. Check the shift cable for damage. Inspect the internal transmission components for damage.
    • Complete Failure: This usually requires a professional diagnosis and repair. Be prepared for a significant repair bill.

  6. Professional Help: If you're not comfortable performing these tasks yourself, or if you've exhausted all the troubleshooting steps and the problem persists, it's time to take your Can-Am Commander to a qualified mechanic.

Prevention is Key: Keeping Your Transmission Healthy

The best way to avoid transmission problems is to prevent them in the first place. Here are some tips for keeping your Can-Am Commander's transmission in top condition:

  • Regular Maintenance: Follow the manufacturer's recommended maintenance schedule religiously. This includes changing the transmission fluid, inspecting the belt and clutches, and cleaning the CVT housing.

  • Proper Belt Selection: Choose a belt that's appropriate for your riding style and the types of terrain you typically encounter. A heavy-duty belt is a good investment if you frequently ride in mud, rocks, or sand.

  • Smooth Riding Style: Avoid aggressive riding habits that put undue stress on the transmission. A smoother, more controlled riding style will significantly extend the life of your CVT.

  • Avoid Overloading: Don't overload your Can-Am Commander. Exceeding the vehicle's weight capacity can put excessive strain on the transmission.

  • Cleanliness is Next to Godliness: Keep the CVT housing clean and free of debris. Regularly inspect the seals and replace them if necessary.

  • Cool It! Monitor the transmission temperature, especially during demanding riding conditions. Consider installing an aftermarket cooling system if you frequently ride in hot weather or engage in heavy work.

  • Listen to Your Machine: Pay attention to any unusual noises or vibrations coming from the transmission area. Early detection of a problem can prevent more serious damage.

Upgrades to Consider: Enhancing Transmission Performance

For those looking to improve their Can-Am Commander's transmission performance and durability, several upgrades are available:

  • Heavy-Duty Belts: These belts are designed to withstand higher temperatures and greater stress than stock belts. They're a good choice for riders who frequently engage in demanding activities.

  • Clutch Kits: Clutch kits allow you to fine-tune the clutch engagement and shift characteristics to match your riding style and tire size. They can improve acceleration, low-end torque, and overall performance.

  • Cooling Systems: Aftermarket cooling systems can help to keep the transmission temperature down, especially during hot weather or demanding riding conditions.

  • Billet Clutch Covers: Billet clutch covers are stronger and more durable than stock plastic covers. They can also improve ventilation and cooling.

Frequently Asked Questions

  • How often should I change my Can-Am Commander's transmission fluid? Typically, every 200 hours or annually, but always consult your owner's manual. Regular fluid changes help maintain optimal performance and longevity.

  • How do I know if my CVT belt is slipping? You'll usually notice a lack of power, especially during acceleration or climbing hills. The engine will rev high, but the vehicle won't accelerate as quickly as it should.

  • Can I use a regular automotive belt on my Can-Am Commander? No, never use an automotive belt. CVT belts are specifically designed for the unique demands of a CVT transmission.

  • What's the best way to clean my CVT clutches? Use a dedicated clutch cleaner and a soft brush. Avoid using harsh chemicals or abrasive materials.

  • How much does it cost to replace a Can-Am Commander transmission? Expect to pay anywhere from $1,500 to $3,000 for a complete transmission replacement, including parts and labor.

The Bottom Line

Transmission problems in a Can-Am Commander can be frustrating, but understanding the common issues, their causes, and potential solutions can help you keep your machine running smoothly. Prioritizing preventative maintenance and responsible riding habits will go a long way in extending the life of your CVT transmission. Remember to consult a qualified mechanic if you're unsure about any repair or maintenance procedures.