When your Arctic Cat ATV or snowmobile is roaring through the trails, the last thing you want is for it to sputter and die. One of the most common culprits behind this frustrating scenario? A faulty ignition coil. This small but mighty component plays a crucial role in delivering the high-voltage spark needed to ignite the fuel-air mixture in your engine. When it fails, your ride grinds to a halt. Addressing ignition coil issues promptly can save you from costly repairs and ensure your Arctic Cat remains a reliable machine for years to come.

What Exactly Does an Ignition Coil Do Anyway?

Let's break down the function of an ignition coil in simple terms. Think of it as a transformer. Your Arctic Cat's battery typically provides a relatively low voltage (usually 12 volts). The ignition coil steps this voltage up dramatically – often to tens of thousands of volts – to create a powerful spark at the spark plug. This spark ignites the air-fuel mixture in the cylinder, initiating combustion and powering the engine. Without a properly functioning ignition coil, there's no spark, no combustion, and therefore, no engine power.

The coil essentially stores energy from the battery and then releases it in a concentrated burst to the spark plug. This process is crucial for the engine to run smoothly and efficiently.

Common Symptoms of a Failing Arctic Cat Ignition Coil

Recognizing the signs of a failing ignition coil early on can prevent a complete breakdown in the middle of nowhere. Here are some telltale symptoms to watch out for:

  • Engine Misfires: This is one of the most common and noticeable symptoms. A misfire occurs when one or more cylinders fail to ignite properly, causing the engine to run roughly and lose power. You might feel jerking or hesitation during acceleration.

  • Hard Starting or No Start: If your Arctic Cat is struggling to start, or refuses to start at all, a faulty ignition coil could be the reason. The engine might crank, but without a spark, it won't fire up.

  • Reduced Engine Power: A weak or failing ignition coil may not be able to deliver the necessary voltage to the spark plugs, resulting in a noticeable decrease in engine power and performance. You might experience sluggish acceleration or difficulty climbing hills.

  • Poor Fuel Economy: When the ignition coil isn't working efficiently, the engine may not be burning fuel completely. This can lead to wasted fuel and a noticeable drop in fuel economy.

  • Rough Idling: A failing ignition coil can cause the engine to idle roughly or stall completely. This is because the engine needs a consistent spark to maintain a stable idle speed.

  • Check Engine Light: In some cases, a faulty ignition coil can trigger the check engine light on your Arctic Cat's dashboard. The diagnostic trouble code (DTC) associated with the light can help pinpoint the problem. Always check the error code with an OBDII scanner to confirm the issue.

What Causes Ignition Coils to Fail in Arctic Cats?

Ignition coils are durable components, but they are susceptible to failure over time due to various factors. Understanding these causes can help you prevent future problems:

  • Heat: Excessive heat is a major enemy of ignition coils. The coil is constantly generating heat as it steps up the voltage, and if it's not properly cooled, it can overheat and fail. Ensure your engine's cooling system is functioning correctly to prevent overheating.

  • Vibration: Arctic Cats, especially ATVs and snowmobiles, are often subjected to rough terrain and vibrations. These vibrations can damage the internal components of the ignition coil over time.

  • Moisture and Corrosion: Exposure to moisture and corrosion can also damage ignition coils. Water can seep into the coil and cause short circuits or corrosion of the electrical connections.

  • Worn Spark Plugs: Worn or improperly gapped spark plugs can put extra stress on the ignition coil. When the spark plugs are difficult to fire, the coil has to work harder, which can shorten its lifespan. Regularly inspect and replace your spark plugs according to the manufacturer's recommendations.

  • Electrical Overload: Electrical surges or overload can damage the ignition coil. This can be caused by a faulty charging system or other electrical problems in the vehicle.

  • Age and Wear: Like any mechanical component, ignition coils can simply wear out over time due to normal use and aging.

Diagnosing an Ignition Coil Problem: A Step-by-Step Guide

Before you rush out and replace your ignition coil, it's important to properly diagnose the problem. Here's a step-by-step guide:

  1. Visual Inspection: Start by visually inspecting the ignition coil for any signs of damage, such as cracks, burns, or corrosion. Check the wiring and connectors for any loose connections or damage.

  2. Spark Plug Inspection: Remove the spark plugs and inspect them for wear, fouling, or damage. A faulty spark plug can cause the ignition coil to work harder and fail prematurely.

  3. Spark Test: This is a crucial step in diagnosing ignition coil problems. Remove a spark plug and connect it to the spark plug wire. Ground the spark plug against the engine block and have someone crank the engine. You should see a strong, blue spark jumping across the spark plug gap. If there's no spark, or the spark is weak or yellow, the ignition coil may be faulty. Be careful when performing this test, as you're dealing with high voltage.

  4. Ohmmeter Test: Use an ohmmeter to measure the resistance of the ignition coil. Compare the readings to the manufacturer's specifications. A reading that's significantly different from the specification indicates a faulty coil. Consult your Arctic Cat's service manual for the correct resistance values.

  5. OBDII Scanner: If your Arctic Cat has a check engine light, use an OBDII scanner to retrieve the diagnostic trouble code (DTC). The code can help pinpoint the faulty ignition coil or other related problems.

Replacing Your Arctic Cat's Ignition Coil: A DIY Approach (With Caution!)

Replacing an ignition coil is a relatively straightforward task, but it's important to proceed with caution and follow these steps:

  1. Safety First: Disconnect the negative battery cable to prevent electrical shocks.

  2. Locate the Ignition Coil: The location of the ignition coil varies depending on the Arctic Cat model. Consult your service manual for specific instructions.

  3. Disconnect the Wiring: Carefully disconnect the electrical connectors from the ignition coil.

  4. Remove the Old Coil: Remove the bolts or screws that secure the ignition coil to the engine.

  5. Install the New Coil: Install the new ignition coil in the reverse order of removal. Make sure to tighten the bolts or screws securely.

  6. Reconnect the Wiring: Reconnect the electrical connectors to the ignition coil.

  7. Reconnect the Battery: Reconnect the negative battery cable.

  8. Test the Engine: Start the engine and check for proper operation.

Important Note: Always use a high-quality replacement ignition coil that's specifically designed for your Arctic Cat model. Using an incorrect or low-quality coil can damage your engine. It is also crucial to consult your Arctic Cat service manual for model-specific instructions and torque specifications. If you are uncomfortable performing this task yourself, it's best to take your Arctic Cat to a qualified mechanic.

Preventing Future Ignition Coil Problems

While ignition coils will eventually wear out, there are steps you can take to extend their lifespan and prevent premature failure:

  • Regular Maintenance: Follow your Arctic Cat's recommended maintenance schedule, including spark plug replacement and engine tune-ups.

  • Keep it Clean: Keep the engine compartment clean and free of debris to prevent overheating and corrosion.

  • Proper Cooling: Ensure the engine's cooling system is functioning correctly to prevent overheating.

  • Avoid Overloading: Avoid overloading your Arctic Cat, as this can put extra stress on the engine and ignition system.

  • Store Properly: When storing your Arctic Cat for extended periods, disconnect the battery and store it in a dry, well-ventilated area.

Frequently Asked Questions About Arctic Cat Ignition Coils

  • How long do ignition coils typically last? Ignition coils typically last between 50,000 and 100,000 miles, but this can vary depending on usage and environmental conditions. Regular maintenance and proper care can extend their lifespan.

  • Can a bad ignition coil damage other engine components? Yes, a failing ignition coil can cause misfires, which can lead to unburned fuel entering the catalytic converter, potentially damaging it. Additionally, it can put extra stress on other ignition system components.

  • Is it possible to test an ignition coil without special tools? While a spark test can be performed with minimal tools, a multimeter is recommended for a more accurate diagnosis. A visual inspection can also reveal obvious damage.

  • Are aftermarket ignition coils as good as OEM ones? The quality of aftermarket ignition coils can vary widely. It's generally recommended to use OEM or reputable aftermarket brands that meet or exceed OEM specifications.

  • How much does it cost to replace an ignition coil on an Arctic Cat? The cost can range from $50 to $200 per coil, depending on the Arctic Cat model and the brand of the replacement coil. Labor costs will vary depending on the mechanic's hourly rate.

Final Thoughts

Dealing with ignition coil problems on your Arctic Cat can be a frustrating experience, but with a little knowledge and the right tools, you can diagnose and address the issue effectively. By understanding the symptoms, causes, and diagnostic procedures, you can keep your Arctic Cat running smoothly and enjoy your adventures on the trails. Remember to prioritize regular maintenance and use high-quality replacement parts to prevent future problems.