The Arctic Cat 550 Prowler, designed as a robust and versatile utility vehicle, has carved a niche for itself in the UTV market. However, like any machine subjected to rigorous use and varying conditions, it's not without its potential issues. Understanding these common problems and knowing how to address them can save you time, money, and frustration, keeping your Prowler performing at its best.

So, What Are Some Common Prowler 550 Headaches?

While the Prowler 550 is generally a reliable machine, some recurring problems have been reported by owners. These aren't necessarily universal, but being aware of them allows you to be proactive in maintenance and troubleshooting.

Engine Performance Woes:

  • Hard Starting: Many Prowler 550 owners have experienced difficulty starting their machines, especially in colder weather. This can be attributed to several factors, including a weak battery, a faulty fuel pump, a clogged fuel filter, or issues with the choke mechanism.
  • Engine Misfires and Stalling: Misfires, characterized by a sputtering or jerky engine, and stalling, where the engine abruptly shuts off, are other common engine-related problems. These can stem from issues with the spark plug (dirty, worn, or incorrect gap), faulty ignition coil, or fuel delivery problems. Moisture in the fuel tank can also cause these symptoms.
  • Overheating: Overheating can occur due to a clogged radiator, a faulty thermostat, a malfunctioning water pump, or low coolant levels. Operating the Prowler under heavy loads in hot weather exacerbates this issue.

Drivetrain Dilemmas:

  • Clutch Problems: The clutch system is crucial for smooth acceleration and power transfer. Common clutch issues include belt slippage, worn clutch weights or rollers, and a contaminated clutch housing. These problems often manifest as sluggish acceleration, jerky engagement, or a burning smell.
  • Transmission Issues: Problems with the transmission can range from difficulty shifting gears to complete transmission failure. Low transmission fluid, worn gears, or damaged shift linkages can all contribute to these issues.
  • Differential Problems: The front and rear differentials can experience issues such as leaking seals, worn bearings, or damaged gears. These problems can lead to unusual noises, vibrations, or difficulty engaging four-wheel drive.

Electrical Gremlins:

  • Battery Problems: Batteries can fail due to age, sulfation, or parasitic draws. A weak battery can lead to starting problems, dim lights, and other electrical malfunctions.
  • Wiring Issues: The Prowler's wiring harness can be susceptible to damage from abrasion, corrosion, or rodents. Damaged wiring can cause a variety of electrical problems, including short circuits, blown fuses, and malfunctioning lights or accessories.
  • Sensor Failures: Various sensors, such as the throttle position sensor (TPS) and the crankshaft position sensor (CKP), play critical roles in engine management. A faulty sensor can cause a range of performance problems, including poor fuel economy, rough idling, and stalling.

Suspension and Steering Snags:

  • Worn Bushings and Ball Joints: The suspension system's bushings and ball joints are subject to wear and tear, especially under heavy use. Worn components can lead to excessive play, clunking noises, and poor handling.
  • Steering Problems: Steering issues can include excessive play in the steering wheel, difficulty steering, or unusual noises. These problems can be caused by worn tie rod ends, a loose steering rack, or a faulty power steering system (if equipped).

Diving Deeper: Troubleshooting Common Issues

Now that we've identified some common Prowler 550 problems, let's explore how to troubleshoot them. Remember to always consult your owner's manual and exercise caution when working on your machine.

Tackling Hard Starting:

  1. Check the Battery: Use a multimeter to check the battery voltage. A fully charged battery should read around 12.6 volts. If the voltage is low, charge the battery or replace it if it's old or damaged.
  2. Inspect the Fuel System:
    • Fuel Pump: Listen for the fuel pump to prime when you turn the key. If you don't hear it, check the fuel pump relay and fuse. If those are good, the fuel pump may be faulty.
    • Fuel Filter: A clogged fuel filter can restrict fuel flow. Replace the fuel filter as part of your regular maintenance schedule.
    • Fuel Quality: Old or contaminated fuel can cause starting problems. Drain the fuel tank and refill with fresh fuel.
  3. Examine the Choke Mechanism: Ensure the choke is functioning properly. The choke should enrich the fuel mixture during cold starts.

Solving Misfires and Stalling:

  1. Spark Plug Inspection: Remove the spark plug and inspect it for wear, fouling, or damage. Clean or replace the spark plug as needed. Ensure the spark plug gap is correct according to your owner's manual.
  2. Ignition Coil Check: Use a multimeter to test the ignition coil resistance. A faulty ignition coil can cause misfires or stalling.
  3. Fuel System Diagnosis:
    • Fuel Injector: A clogged fuel injector can restrict fuel flow. Consider using a fuel injector cleaner or having the injectors professionally cleaned.
    • Fuel Pressure: Check the fuel pressure at the fuel rail. Low fuel pressure can indicate a problem with the fuel pump or fuel pressure regulator.

Combating Overheating:

  1. Coolant Level Check: Ensure the coolant level is within the proper range. Low coolant can lead to overheating.
  2. Radiator Inspection: Check the radiator for obstructions, such as dirt, mud, or debris. Clean the radiator fins with a soft brush and water.
  3. Thermostat Test: A faulty thermostat can prevent the engine from cooling properly. Remove the thermostat and test it in a pot of hot water. The thermostat should open at the specified temperature.
  4. Water Pump Check: Ensure the water pump is functioning properly. A faulty water pump can reduce coolant flow and cause overheating.

Addressing Clutch Problems:

  1. Belt Inspection: Inspect the drive belt for wear, cracks, or fraying. Replace the belt if it's damaged or worn.
  2. Clutch Cleaning: Clean the clutch components with a clutch cleaner to remove dirt, grease, and debris.
  3. Clutch Weight/Roller Inspection: Inspect the clutch weights or rollers for wear or damage. Replace worn or damaged components.

Dealing with Transmission Issues:

  1. Fluid Level Check: Ensure the transmission fluid level is within the proper range. Low fluid can cause shifting problems.
  2. Fluid Condition Check: Inspect the transmission fluid for contamination or a burnt smell. Replace the fluid if it's dirty or burnt.
  3. Shift Linkage Inspection: Check the shift linkages for looseness or damage. Adjust or repair the linkages as needed.

Rectifying Electrical Gremlins:

  1. Battery Maintenance: Keep the battery terminals clean and corrosion-free. Use a battery maintainer to keep the battery charged when the Prowler is not in use.
  2. Wiring Inspection: Inspect the wiring harness for damage, such as cuts, abrasions, or corrosion. Repair or replace damaged wiring.
  3. Fuse Check: Check all fuses for blown fuses. Replace blown fuses with the correct amperage rating.
  4. Sensor Testing: Use a multimeter or scan tool to test the sensors. Replace faulty sensors as needed.

Sorting Out Suspension and Steering Snags:

  1. Visual Inspection: Visually inspect the suspension and steering components for wear, damage, or looseness.
  2. Bushing and Ball Joint Check: Use a pry bar to check for play in the bushings and ball joints. Replace worn components.
  3. Tie Rod End Inspection: Check the tie rod ends for play or looseness. Replace worn tie rod ends.
  4. Steering Rack Inspection: Check the steering rack for looseness or damage. Repair or replace the steering rack as needed.

Preventative Maintenance: The Key to Avoiding Problems

The best way to deal with Prowler 550 problems is to prevent them in the first place. Regular preventative maintenance is crucial for keeping your machine running smoothly and reliably.

  • Follow the Manufacturer's Recommended Maintenance Schedule: Consult your owner's manual for the recommended maintenance intervals for various components, such as oil changes, filter replacements, and fluid checks.
  • Use Quality Parts and Fluids: Using high-quality parts and fluids can help extend the life of your machine and prevent problems.
  • Keep the Machine Clean: Regularly wash and clean your Prowler to remove dirt, mud, and debris.
  • Inspect Regularly: Take the time to inspect your machine regularly for signs of wear, damage, or leaks.
  • Proper Storage: When storing your Prowler for extended periods, take steps to protect it from the elements and prevent damage. This includes using a fuel stabilizer, disconnecting the battery, and covering the machine.

Frequently Asked Questions

  • Why is my Prowler 550 hard to start in cold weather? Cold weather can thicken oil and reduce battery performance. Ensure your battery is fully charged and consider using a thinner oil grade recommended for cold temperatures.
  • What causes my Prowler 550 to overheat? Overheating can be caused by low coolant, a clogged radiator, a faulty thermostat, or a malfunctioning water pump. Regularly check and maintain your cooling system.
  • Why is my Prowler 550 clutch slipping? Clutch slippage is often caused by a worn or contaminated drive belt. Inspect your belt regularly and replace it as needed.
  • Why is my Prowler 550 transmission shifting hard? Low or contaminated transmission fluid can cause hard shifting. Check your fluid level and condition, and replace it if necessary.
  • How often should I change the oil in my Prowler 550? Consult your owner's manual for the recommended oil change interval, typically every 100 hours or 6 months, whichever comes first.

In Conclusion

While the Arctic Cat 550 Prowler can experience certain common problems, understanding these issues and implementing preventative maintenance can significantly improve its reliability and longevity. By being proactive and addressing problems early, you can keep your Prowler running smoothly for years to come, and continue to get the most out of your UTV.